So, apparently, there are no female scarab beetles. Instead, the male makes himself a womb out of dung. Not sure what to call this. Hebegenesis? Coprogenesis?

"The Egyptian military used to have a seal engraved in the shape of the scarab-beetle, since no female beetles exist, but all of them are male. They breed by emitting their seed into dung, which they make into a ball, since they prepare material for [the offspring's] nourishment just as much as the place for its generation."

τοῖς δὲ μαχίμοις κάνθαρος ἦν γλυφὴ σφραγῖδος· οὐ γὰρ ἔστι κάνθαρος θῆλυς, ἀλλὰ πάντες ἄρσενες. τίκτουσι δὲ τὸν γόνον <ἀφιέντες> εἰς ὄνθον, ὃν σφαιροποιοῦσιν, οὐ τροφῆς μᾶλλον ὕλην ἢ γενέσεως χώραν παρασκευάζοντες.

Plutarch, Isis and Osiris 9, (Moralia 355A 8-11)

"The scarab beetle is an un-female animal, and it sows its seed in the ball which it rolls up. Having done this and having warmed it for twenty-eight days, the day after it produces the young. The military of Egypt keep a carved scarab on their rings, because the one who made the law was hinting that those who fight for the country should be totally male in every way, since the scarab does not have a share of female nature."

Ὁ κάνθαρος ἄθηλυ ζῷόν ἐστι, σπείρει δὲ ἐς τὴν σφαῖραν ἣν κυλίει· ὀκτὼ δὲ καὶ εἴκοσιν ἡμερῶν τοῦτο δράσας καὶ θάλψας αὐτήν, εἶτα μέντοι τῇ ἐπὶ ταύταις προάγει τὸν νεοττόν. Αἰγυπτίων δὲ οἱ μάχιμοι ἐπὶ τῶν δακτυλίων εἶχον ἐγγεγλυμμένον κάνθαρον, αἰνιττομένου τοῦ νομοθέτου, δεῖν ἄρρενας εἶναι πάντως πάντῃ τοὺς μαχομένους ὑπὲρ τῆς χώρας, ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ κάνθαρος θηλείας φύσεως οὐ μετείληχεν.

Aelian, The Nature of Animals, 10.15

"Among the Egyptians, those who are educated learn first of all the method of Egyptian writing called 'Epistolographic'. Second, they learn 'Hieretic', which the Sacred Scribes use. Last but not least, there is 'Hieroglyphic': one form, 'Kyriologic' (i.e., literal), uses the primary letters; the other is 'Symbolic'. Of the symbolic, one kind expresses things literally through imitation; one kind expresses things in a sense figuratively; another is straightforwardly allegorical, expressing things enigmatically.

"So, when they want to refer to the sun in writing they make a circle, while for the moon they make a moon-shape, and this is in accordance with expressing the form literally. In the case of figurative expression in the proper sense, they inscribe by transferring and transposing things, changing things, transforming the characters in all sorts of ways. When telling stories about the gods, they write praises of kings using anaglyphs.

"Here's an example of the third kind, the enigmatic. Now, since the other stars follow an oblique course, they represent them with the bodies of serpents, but they represent the sun with the body of a scarab beetle, since the scarab forms a round-shaped ball out of ox-dung and rolls it backwards. They say this animal lives underground for six months, while the other part of the year it lives above ground, and it fertilizes the ball and reproduces and female scarabs do not exist.

"And so everyone who theologizes about the first principles of things, both Barbarian and Greek, have obscured them, passing down the truth using enigmas and symbols, allegories, metaphors and similar kinds of figures."

Αὐτίκα οἱ παρ' Αἰγυπτίοις παιδευόμενοι πρῶτον μὲν πάντων τὴν Αἰγυπτίων γραμμάτων μέθοδον ἐκμανθάνουσι, τὴν ἐπιστολογραφικὴν καλουμένην· δευτέραν δὲ τὴν ἱερατικήν, ᾗ χρῶνται οἱ ἱερογραμματεῖς· ὑστάτην δὲ καὶ τελευταίαν τὴν ἱερογλυφικήν, ἧς ἣ μέν ἐστι διὰ τῶν πρώτων στοιχείων κυριολογική, ἣ δὲ συμβολική. τῆς δὲ συμβολικῆς ἣ μὲν κυριολογεῖται κατὰ μίμησιν, ἣ δ' ὥσπερ τροπικῶς γράφεται, ἣ δὲ ἄντικρυς ἀλληγορεῖται κατά τινας αἰνιγμούς. Ἥλιον γοῦν γράψαι βουλόμενοι κύκλον ποιοῦσι, σελήνην δὲ σχῆμα μηνοειδὲς κατὰ τὸ κυριολογούμενον εἶδος. Τροπικῶς δὲ κατ' οἰκειότητα μετάγοντες καὶ μετατιθέντες, τὰ δ' ἐξαλλάττοντες, τὰ δὲ πολλαχῶς μετασχηματίζοντες χαράττουσιν. τοὺς γοῦν τῶν βασιλέων ἐπαίνους, θεολογουμένοις μύθοις παραδιδόντες, ἀναγράφουσι διὰ τῶν ἀναγλύφων. Τοῦ δὲ κατὰ τοὺς αἰνιγμοὺς τρίτου εἴδους δεῖγμα ἔστω τόδε· τὰ μὲν γὰρ τῶν ἄλλων ἄστρων διὰ τὴν πορείαν τὴν λοξὴν ὄφεων σώμασιν ἀπείκαζον, τὸν δὲ ἥλιον τῷ τοῦ κανθάρου, ἐπειδὴ κυκλοτερὲς ἐκ τῆς βοείας ὄνθου σχῆμα πλασάμενος ἀντιπρόσωπος κυλίνδει. φασὶ δὲ καὶ ἑξάμηνον μὲν ὑπὸ γῆς, θάτερον δὲ τοῦ ἔτους τμῆμα τὸ ζῷον τοῦτο ὑπὲρ γῆς διαιτᾶσθαι σπερμαίνειν τε εἰς τὴν σφαῖραν καὶ γεννᾶν καὶ θῆλυν κάνθαρον μὴ γίνεσθαι. Πάντες οὖν, ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν, οἱ θεολογήσαντες βάρβαροί τε καὶ Ἕλληνες τὰς μὲν ἀρχὰς τῶν πραγμάτων ἀπεκρύψαντο, τὴν δὲ ἀλήθειαν αἰνίγμασι καὶ συμβόλοις ἀλληγορίαις τε αὖ καὶ μεταφοραῖς καὶ τοιούτοις τισὶ τρόποις παραδεδώκασιν.

Clement of Alexandria, Stromata, 5.4.21