Ancient Medicine

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Michael of Ephesus talks about his dreams

Anonymous, the Evangelist Mark Seated in his Study (c. 11th c. CE), image from the Walters Art Museum (No. W.530.A), distributed under a CC license.

Michael of Ephesus uses Aristotle’s (somewhat skeptical) remarks about visions in dreams to talk about the kinds of things he and his friends dream about: the dead coming to life, finding books, white roses and scorpion-tailed melons.

 

“When my friend saw our most honoured ruler rise from the dead, since he was still sleeping, he thought he had had a vision that our master had risen up.”

ἰδὼν γὰρ ὁ ἐμὸς ἑταῖρος τὸν πάνσεπτον ἡμῶν καθηγεμόνα, ὅτι ἀνέστη ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν, ἔτι κοιμώμενος ἐνενόει, ὅτι ὄναρ ὁρᾷ τὸν διδάσκαλον ἐγερθέντα.

Michael of Ephesus, In parva naturalia commentaria, CAG II.1 62,3-5 Wendland

“I often have visions, and when I do I will bear in mind that what I am seeing is a vision. And my friend, when he saw that he discovered a book, he thought to say ‘it is a vision, but what I am seeing is not real.’”

πολλάκις γὰρ ἐγὼ εἶδον ὄναρ, καὶ ὁρῶν διενοούμην ὅτι τοῦθ' ὅπερ ὁρῶ ὄναρ ἐστίν. καὶ ὁ ἐμὸς ἑταῖρος ἰδὼν ὅτι εὗρε βιβλίον, ἐδόκει λέγειν ὅτι ὄναρ ἐστίν, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀληθὲς τὸ ὁρώμενον.

Michael of Ephesus, In parva naturalia commentaria, 64,10-12

“Once I had a dream that I travelled through some filthy and stinky place, and a few days later I got sick.”

ἐγὼ γὰρ ἰδὼν ἐν ὕπνῳ ὤν, ὅτι διηρχόμην ἔν τινι τόπῳ βορβορώδει καὶ δυσώδει, μετ' ὀλίγας ἡμέρας νενόσηκα·

Michael of Ephesus, In parva naturalia commentaria, 79,18

“Often when I see white roses in a dream, the next day I receive gifts from people.”

καὶ ἐγὼ δὲ πολλάκις ἐν ὕπνῳ ῥόδα λευκὰ ἰδὼν μεθ' ἡμέραν ἔλαβον παρά τινων δῶρα.

Michael of Ephesus, In parva naturalia commentaria, 80,23

“Either I happen to have dreams that are extremely clear, e.g. that a war is coming in Persia, and it turns out to be true; or [I have dreams] that are enigmatic. By ‘enigmatic’, I mean when from [having a dream about] one thing, something else turns out to be true. For example, my friend had a dream that a certain woman sent him slender, round melons that had scorpions’ tails. One day a little while later, he was hurt by this woman.”

ἀλλ' ὅμως συμβαίνει ἢ καθαρώτατα ἰδεῖν με, ὅτι γίνεται ἐν Περσίδι πόλεμος, καὶ ἀποβῆναι τοῦτο καὶ γενέσθαι, ἢ καὶ αἰνιγματωδῶς· λέγω δὲ αἰνιγματωδῶς, ὅταν ἀπ' ἄλλου ἄλλο ἀποβῇ, οἷόν τί φημι· ἐθεάσατο ὁ ἐμὸς ἑταῖρος ἐν ὕπνῳ, ὡς ἀπέστειλεν αὐτῷ γυνή τις μηλοπέπονας λεπτοὺς καὶ ἐπιμήκεις, ἔχοντας οὐρὰς σκορπίων· μετὰ δὲ ὀλίγας τινὰς ἡμέρας ἐλυπήθη ὑπ' ἐκείνης τῆς γυναικός.

Michael of Ephesus, In parva naturalia commentaria, 81,4-9